ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA
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Abstract
Objective: The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the antibacterial activity of different plant parts (leaf, fruit, seed, and stem) of Momordica charantia.
Materials and Methods: The plant parts were subjected to successive extraction using six different solvents viz., Distilled water, Ethanol, Methanol, Acetone, Hexane & Petroleum ether. The antibacterial activity was determined by Agar–well diffusion method against 6 Gram-positive bacterial strains viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus feacalis & Micrococcus luteus and 7 Gram-negative bacterial strains viz., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Alcaligenes faecalis & Pseudomonas aeuriginosa. Among the various extracts, aqueous followed by ethanol extracts were found to be more effective against all the bacteria.
Results: The plant extracts were more active against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative. The most resistant bacteria were Alcaligenes faecalis & Pseudomonas aeuriginosa while Staphylococcus aureus, together with Escherichia coli appeared to be the most susceptible. The aqueous leaf extract exhibited remarkable antibacterial activity against S.aureus (26 mm)which was comparable with standard Ciprofloxacin. The results obtained appeared to confirm the antibacterial potential of various extracts of M. charantia parts investigated, and their usefulness in the treatment of bacterial diseases. Further to study the anti-proliferative properties of M. charantia MTT assay was conducted on RAW 264.7 cells using LPS as a positive control. The result obtained shows a 100ug/ml concentration of extract to have an equivalent anti-proliferative effect as lipopolysaccharide.
Conclusion: Previous studies have demonstrated a close relationship between inflammation and several diseases. This study conducted demonstrates the therapeutic
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